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Introduction The memory hierarchy is a cornerstone of modern computer architecture, enabling systems to balance the competing demands of speed, capacity, and cost. From ultra-fast registers to high-capacity hard disk drives (HDDs), each level of the hierarchy is optimized for specific performance characteristics. However, the growing disparity between processor and
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1. Introduction to Physical Verification in VLSI Design Physical verification is a critical step in the VLSI design flow, ensuring that the integrated circuit (IC) layout adheres to the manufacturing constraints defined by the foundry. Among the various checks performed, Design Rule Checking (DRC) is a cornerstone of physical verification,
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The High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) roadmap from HBM4 to HBM8 represents a transformative leap in memory architecture to meet the escalating demands of AI supercomputing, particularly for large language models (LLMs), generative AI, and eventual AGI/ASI systems. HBM4 (2026, NVIDIA Rubin, AMD MI400) * Specifications: 8Gbps (HBM4e: 10Gbps), 2048 I/
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Introduction to Semiconductor Yield In Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) manufacturing, yield is a cornerstone metric that quantifies the proportion of functional integrated circuits (ICs) produced from a silicon wafer. Defined as the ratio of good chips to total chips, yield directly influences the economic viability of semiconductor production. The
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Executive Summary The Trump administration's recent export control measures targeting Electronic Design Automation (EDA) software represent a paradigm shift in semiconductor geopolitics, fundamentally altering the landscape of global chip design capabilities. This comprehensive analysis examines the technical, economic, and strategic implications of restricting Synopsys, Cadence, and Siemens EDA
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The landscape of semiconductor manufacturing has evolved into a complex ecosystem where foundry selection represents one of the most critical strategic decisions in ASIC development. As process technologies advance beyond the 3nm node and specialized applications demand increasingly stringent requirements, the foundry selection process has transformed from a simple cost-performance
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Imagine you're in the final interview at your dream company and they ask: "What is a semiconductor? Please explain in detail" 1. Band Theory Explanation A semiconductor is a solid material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor (metal) and an insulator. From a band
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With recent changes in the technology industry, the salaries and prospects of engineering positions continue to evolve. In particular, salary levels for engineers in the United States show significant differences based on specialization, region, education level, and experience. This article provides a comprehensive look at US engineers' salary trends
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LSF (Load Sharing Facility) Usage Guide: Job Scheduler Program Frequently Used in AI, Simulation, and Semiconductor Design Let's explore LSF (IBM Spectrum LSF), one of the server management programs in detail. To summarize briefly: 1. Companies and research institutes have numerous people using supercomputers. 2. They will request
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In my last post, we learned about LSF. Most big tech companies and large corporations use LSF, but LSF licenses are quite expensive. From a user perspective, LSF is convenient, but Slurm can be really good when used properly. People who are proficient with Slurm often find LSF frustrating. So
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For engineers and developers new to Kubernetes, I'll briefly explain the basic concepts of Kubernetes along with practical usage examples. For detailed information, please refer to the official documentation! Kubernetes DocumentationKubernetes is an open source container orchestration engine for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. The
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During the long holiday, SamPro TV featured some fascinating content. Professor Michael Sandel from Harvard University, famous for "Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do?", issued a strong warning about Korean society. He stated that deepening inequality and meritocracy are threatening democracy, which could lead to